The Use of Pronouns; Exercise, Worksheet and General Practice in English

A number of verbs have a direct object (naming a thing) and an indirect object (to or for a person). The usual pattern is;

Verb + Person + Thing, without a preposition

Example :

• Show Mary the book.

If we wish to give more emphasis to the person, we can put it after the direct object, with the preposition:

• Show the book to Mary. (That is, not to anyone else.)

The verbs explain and say always have this second pattern.

When a pronoun is not felt to be the active subject of a sentence, it is normally found in the objective form. This is sometimes called the Disjunctive or Separated Pronoun.

Between and let require the objective case after them, for example:

• Let him have something to eat.
• There was an argument between him and me.

See another example:

• This island belongs to us who were here first.
• 'Who did that?' 'Please sir, it wasn't me!'

Now it's your exercise. Choose the right words:

• Let Cyril and I/me play a duet.
• Let you and me/I be friends!
• What would you do if you were he/him?
• There's a friendly agreement between Mr Hopkins and me/I.

Notice the following two points from the example above:

1. Objective case preferred in predicatives.
2. Pronoun controlled by its own clause, and not affected by a relative clause following.

But relatives sometimes influence the case of the preceding pronoun. Note the effect of Relative Attraction in such sentences as the following:

• It was she that went out just now, wasn't it?
• It was her you meant, wasn't it?

Than and As. These are really conjunctions, and the case after them varies accordingly.

• I like you more than she (does).
• I like you more than her (=than I like her).

But in spoken English, sentence stress prevents confusion, the objective case is frequently heard, as if both these words were prepositions.

• You're much cleverer than her.

The objective case is invariably used, even in writing, if the pronoun is further qualified by both or all.

• He is cleverer than us all.
• A stone is heavy and the sand weighty; but a fool's wrath is heavier than them both.

Such as is usually followed by the subjective case, as the verb be can easily be supplied. There is some doubt when a preposition is present.

• I wouldn't give it to a man such as he? him? or,
• I wouldn't give it to such a man as him.

But, Except. The reverse process has taken place with these two words. They were originally prepositions taking the objective case, just as the very similar apart from still does; but nowadays, especially in written English, there is a very strong tendency to use them as conjunctions.

• There was no one there except me. (Historically correct; normal spoken form.)
• Whence all but he had fled. (Historically incorrect; normal literary form.)

Summing Up

It seems that the general practice in English, especially spoken English, is to use a pronoun in the subjective case only when there is a strong feeling that it is the real active subject of the sentence. All isolated, predicative and exclamatory uses of pronouns prefer the objective.

• What! Me fight a big chap like him? Not me!
• Fancy him dying so young; and him only fifty!

The following quotation from Shakespeare is of interest:

• Think what is best; that best I wish for thee;
• This wish I have, then ten times happy me.

Adverb Order, The Normal Order of Adverbials

Order of adverbials is very elastic in English, and many shades of emphasis, etc., can be expressed by a change of position. The following represents the normal order of adverbials.

1. The Adverbial Position

Except for Frequency Adverbs, and Special Adverbs (only, just, etc.) the normal position of adverbials is at the end of a sentence, in the order; manner, place, and time.

• He spoke well at the debate this morning.

2. The Adverbial of Place

With verbs of movement, the adverbial of place acts as a kind of object notionally, and comes immediately after the verb.

• He went to the station by taxi.

3. The Adverbial of Time

The adverbial of time is often placed at the very beginning of a sentence; this is particularly useful when there are many adverbials in the sentence. This is a more emphatic position for time adverbials, but the emphasis is only slight.

A useful rough-and-ready rule is that time adverbials may come at either end of the sentence, but not in the middle. The more particular expression of time come before the more general.

• He was born at six o'clock on Christmas morning in the year 1822.

English Grammar : Can, Could, Was Able, etc.

Can has two main uses :

1. To express permission or possibility (=may).
Example : You can go now.

2. To express ability or capacity (= know how to).
Example : I can swim very well.

Form	1	2
Future	Can	shall (will) be able to
Past	Could	could or was (were) able to

Say the following using the given time-expressions, first for the future and the for the past.

Example :
You can drive. when you are 17/after you got your license.

Answer 1 : You can drive when you are 17.
Answer 2 : You could drive after you got your license.

I can fly a plane. after a few more lessons/when I was in the air force.

Answer 1 : I can fly a plane after a few more lessons.
Answer 2 : I could fly a plane when I was in the air force.

Seeing in a grammar book that could can be past or conditional of can, students are always puzzled by having such sentences as :

• "I could pass my examination ten years ago."
• "I could go to the country yesterday and had a good time,.." etc.

corrected to was able to.

A careful analysis of all sentences where we cannot use could as simple past tense of can shows the following idea to be common to all of them. They deal with the attainment of something through some capacity. Mere capacity may have could or was able to.

• He could (was able to) swim very well when he was young. (Could is more usual)

But something attained through a capacity may not have could.

• He was able to swim half-way before he collapsed. (Could is impossible here)

Managed to also expresses this idea.
The past of can meaning permission always has could.

• I could put it wherever I liked. (permission granted)
• I was able to put it on the top shelf. (capacity or ability to reach)

How We Use : Must, Have To, and Need in English

Must and have (got) to are commands or obligations.
Must not and am/is/are not to are prohibitions (negative commands).

They are Present and Future in meaning; but future obligation can be made more precise with the form shall have to.

Past Tense :
Had (got) to is an obligation in the past.
Was/were not to is a prohibition in the past: it occurs mostly in reported speech.

To express the absence of obligation or necessity to do something (that is, the opposite of must), the form need not is used.

You must go now.
No, you needn't go just yet, you can stay a little longer.

Alternative forms are haven't go to, don't have to, don't need to.

Future is the same as the above, but we use shan't (won't) have to and shan't (won't) need to if we wish to be more precise.

Past forms are hadn't got to, didn't have to, and didn't need to.

There is usually a difference of meaning between the present tense forms must and have to in affirmative statements :

Must expresses obligation or compulsion from the speaker's viewpoint.
Have to expresses external obligation.

Compare the following pairs of situations, where these two forms are used in their natural context.

• You must go now. (I want to go to bed.)
• What a pity you have to go now. (It's time for you to catch your train.)
• We must begin before five (or we shan't finish in time for our supper).
• We have to begin before five. (That's the time arranged.)
• They must take it away. (I won't have it here any longer.)
• They have to take it away. (They've been told to do so.)
• He must stay the night. (I/We press him to do so.)
• He has to stay the night. ( He can't get back tonight.)
• He must move the furniture himself (for all I care; I shan't help him.)
• He has to move the furniture himself (poor chap; he's got no one to help him.)
• You must call me 'Sir'. (I like it that way.)
• You have to call me 'Sir'. (That's the regulation address.)
• You must change your shoes. (I won't have you in here with muddy feet.)
• You have to change your shoes. (... such is the custom on entering a mosque.)

Am/is/etc. to is used for definite commands or prohibitions. This form, or must, is used for instructions on notices or orders (have to is never used here).

• Passengers must cross the lines by the footbridge. (The railway company instructs them to.)
• Porters often have to walk across the lines. (The nature of their work compels them to.)
• All junior officers are to report to the colonel at once. (Military order)
• Soldiers have to salute their officers. (Such is the custom.)

In questions and negatives the present tense forms :

Do I have to...?	Do I need to...?
I don't have to...	I don't need to...

are mostly used for one particular occasion.

This is a preference, not a rule, and except where one of the above aspects requires emphasis, all four forms are interchangeable. For some speakers there is a difference of meaning between Need you goo shopping this afternoon? (which may sound like a protest) and Do you need to go shopping this afternoon? (a simple enquiry).

The forms of have to and need (with and without the auxiliary do) can be compared in the following examples, where the idea of one special occasion or of habit is strongly present.

• Must you get up early tomorrow morning? (Have you go to...)
• Do you have to get up early (every morning)?
• Must I show it to him now? (Have I got to...)
• Do I have to show my pass every time I go in?, or
• Do I need to show my pass every time...? (I hope it isn't necessary.)
• You needn't do it just now.
• You don't have to do it every time you see him. (You don't need to.)

Need is used wherever there is a strong element of negation or doubt, or when the speaker seeks or expects a negative answer.
Examples :

• Must she come tomorrow? (open question)
• Need she come tomorrow? (hoping for negative answer)
• Must I be present? (Do you want me?)
• I wonder if I need be present. (statement of doubt)

didn't need to : It wasn't necessary, so probably not done.
needn't have : It wasn't necessary, but done nevertheless.

Both are opposites of I had to, with the above difference of meaning.

My tea was already sweetened, so I needn't have put any sugar in.
But I did, and made it too sweet.

My tea was already sweetened, so I didn't need to put any sugar in.
I drank it as it was.

I didn't need to change my suit (=didn't have to).
So I went in the clothes I had on.

I needn't have changed my suit.
But I did! I see now that it wasn't necessary.

How We Use Some and Any In English

Some and Any digunakan ketika speaker (orang yang berbicara) tidak dapat/tidak perlu menyebutkan suatu angka/jumlah secara spesifik.

Perbandingan :

• I saw seven bird when riding my bike in the forest yesterday. (It is important that you know how many bird I saw/jumlah burung yang Saya lihat sangat penting untuk diketahui)
• I saw some bird when riding my bike in the forest yesterday. (I don't know exactly how many bird I saw. Or : It is not important that you know exactly how many bird I saw/Saya tidak tahu pasti berapa banyak burung yang Saya lihat, atau : jumlah burung yang Saya lah tidaklah penting)

Aturan some and any tersebut berlaku juga untuk :

• somebody/anybody,
• something/anything, etc.

Umumnya, some digunakan dalam bentuk kalimat positif :

• I got some nice presents for Christmas this year.
• This job is going to take some time.
• Look! There are some large black birds on the roof of the church.
• You have some butter on your chin.
• If you are hungry, there are some biscuits in the cupboard.
• I'm sure I'll return to Japan some day.
• There is somebody on the phone for you.
• I'd like to go somewhere hot this summer.

Umumnya, any digunakan dalam bentuk kalimat negatif dan pertanyaan :

• I didn't get any nice presents for Christmas this year.
• I looked in the cupboard but I couldn't find any biscuits.
• I don't need any help.
• She's so rude. No wonder she doesn't have any friends.
• I don't have anything to wear to the dance.
• I'm not hungry. I don't want anything to eat.

• Do you have any brothers or sisters?
• Did you catch any fish?
• Have you seen any good films recently?
• Does anyone know the answer?
• Are you going anywhere this Christmas?

Selain itu, some juga dapat digunakan dalam kalimat offering/requesting :

• Would you like some more tea?
• Could I have some milk, please?
• Do you want something to eat?

Any digunakan dalam kalimat positif apabila suatu hal yang kita maksud tidaklah berarti/penting, seperti misalnya :

• You can come and ask for my help any time.
• Which book shall I read? - Any one. It's up to you.
• You can sit anywhere but here. This is my seat!

(Grammar) How We Use Too and Enough In English

Too. An adverb of excess; with to + infinitive and/or for + (pro)noun.

This soup is very hot; I can't drink it.
This soup is too hot (for me) to drink.

That's a lot of money; a book like that shouldn't cost so much.
That's too much money for a book like that.

*Expect the mistake :
This soup is too hot for me to drink it.

The infinitive, even of a transitive verb, has no object if this would represent the same person or thing as the subject of the main verb, be, seem, etc.

Enough. Whereas too has a negative sense, enough, also with infinitive, has positive sense.

Compare :

He is too ill to need a doctor.
= He is so ill that it's useless to send for a doctor.

He is ill enough to need a doctor.
= He is so ill that we must send for a doctor at once.

Enough comes in front of a noun and after an adjective or adverb.

Countables and Uncountables (Lists, Sets, Worksheet, and Excercise)

Nouns naming things that we cannot count (Uncountable or Mass Nouns) have no indefinite article, and usually no plural. i.e., Ink, water, wood.

Remember that only Countable (or unit) nouns take a or an.
Examples :

• A cigarette is made of a tobacco and a paper.
• A milk comes from a cow.
• We make a butter and a cheese from a milk.
• A window is made of a glass.
• A handkerchief is made of a piece of cloth.
• A grass has always grows in an English field.
• A chair is made of a wood.
• A cat has a tail.
• A man eats a meat.
• A ring is made of a gold or a silver.
• A coffee is a drink.
• A coat is made of a wool.

Uncountable Nouns and Countable Nouns in the plural, are preceded by some when 'a certain quantity, or number' is implied.

Bread is good for us. (All bread, in general)
Give me some bread. (A certain quantity)

Examples :

• A table has four legs.
• Some fruit is very good to eat.

Remember that some nouns are Countable or Uncountable according to context.

Exclamations with :

1. What a ... ! (Countables singular)
2. What ... ! (plural, and uncountables)

Examples :
What a good idea!
What fun your friend Maisie is!

A(n) is used for any one example of a countable noun. The plural of this is some. It means 'an unknown number of' the things named by the noun. We prefer to use There is (are, was, etc.) to introduce this idea instead of the simple verb to be.

There is a broken chair in the corner of the room.
There were some books on this table yesterday.
There'll be a picnic in the forest next Friday.

The Definite Article the is used whenever the noun is identified for us as 'one special, known example' (or 'certain known examples' in the plural).

A man and a boy were going along a dusty road. The man was pushing the boy along the road on a toy bicycle. The bicycle belonged to the boy's sister.

Where there can be only 'one certain' example that is meant, we normally use the. (The sun, sky, ceiling, station, etc.)

An important group of common nouns (mostly names of places) are used without an article in phrases closely associated with their special purpose or function, but with an article in a more general sense.

He went to bed (to sleep).	He went to the bed (approached it).
He's at school (learning).	We walked round the dock(s).
The ship's in (dry) dock.	We walked round the dock(s).
Put it on paper (= write it).	There's a mark on the paper.

And similarly with : prison, college, hospital, market, church, harbour (port), barracks, deck, (under) canvas, (at) sea, by train, and a few others. Compare the following :

• There's a horse in the garden. (any single horse)
• Horses are animals. (all)
• Perhaps we'll see some horses there. (a certain number)
• The horses are ready. (definite horses we know about)

Pengertian dan Fungsi Relative Pronoun ( Kata Ganti Penghubung )

Apa itu relative pronoun ?

Relative pronoun adalah kata ganti yang memiliki fungsi untuk menghubungkan anak kalimat pengganti kata sifat ( adjective clause ) dengan antecendent-nya. Atau secara sederhana dapat kita artikan bahwa relative pronoun adalah kata ganti yang berfungsi untuk menggabungkan dua buah kalimat menjadi satu dengan membuang bagian-bagian yang sama. Yang termasuk dalam relative pronoun yaitu “ who, whom, whose, which, what, dan that “ yang jika diartikan dalam bahasa Indonesia berarti “yang”.

Berikut ini adalah penjelasan mengenai fungsi kata-kata yang termasuk dalam relative pronoun :

1.    Who 

Sebagai relative pronoun, who digunakan untuk menggantikan orang dalam kalimat, baik yang berkedudukan sebagai subjek maupun yang berkedudukan sebagai objek. Berikut ini adalah penggunaan relative pronoun “who “ dalam kalimat :

The man who hit you yesterday is my neighbour ( lelaki yang memukulmu kemarin adalah tetanggaku )
I like the girl who danced with me yesterday ( saya menyukai gadis yang menari denganku kemarin )

2.    Whom

Sebagai relative pronoun, whom digunakan untuk menggantikan orang dalam kalimat yang berkedudukan sebagai objek. Fungsi “whom” sebagai relative pronoun adalah sebagai berikut :

He teach the man whom you invited to your party last night ( dia mengajar laki-laki yang kamu undang ke pestamu kemarin malam )
I know the girl whom you like ( saya tahu gadis yang kamu suka )

3.    Whose

Jika  “whose” digunakan sebagai relative pronoun, maka ia digunakan untuk menggantikan kepemilikan sesuatu, baik pemilik itu berupa benda, binatang atau orang. Misalnya :

The cat whose has long tail is hers ( kucing yang punya ekor panjang itu miliknya )
The man whose house is big, is my uncle ( lelaki yang rumahnya besar itu adalah pamanku )

4.    Which 

Bentuk relative pronoun “which” digunakan untuk menggantikan selain orang, baik itu yang berkedudukan sebagai subjek maupun sebagai objek. Penggunaan relative pronoun “whose” adalah sebagai berikut :

The beach which you visited last year is amazing ( pantai yang kamu kunjungi tahun lalu sangat keren )
I have visited Borobudur temple which is the largest Budhist temple in the world ( saya telah mengunjungi Candi Borobudur yang merupakan candi Budha terbesar di dunia )

5.    What

Sebagai Relative pronoun, “what” digunakan untuk menggantikan benda tunggal ( singular noun ), tetapi tanpa menyebutkan jenis bendanya. Contoh penggunaan relative prononoun “what” :

That is what he likes ( itu adalah yang dia suka )
I hate what you do ( saya membenci yang kamu lakukan )

6.    That

Bentuk relative pronoun "that" digunakan untuk menggantikan benda, binatang atau orang, baik itu yang berkedudukan sebagai objek atau subjek dalam kalimat. Fungsi relative pronoun "that" bisa dilihat pada contoh kalimat berikut :

The cat that runs fast is mine ( kucing yang berlari dengan cepat itu milikku )
The car that is red is hers ( mobil yang berwarna merah itu miliknya )

Demikianlah penjelasan mengenai relative pronoun dan fungsi relative pronoun dalam kalimat. Semoga tulisan ini bermanfaat.

Penggunaan Many, Much dan A Lot Of

Kata “Many, Much, dan A Lot Of  " memiliki arti yang sama yaitu berarti “banyak”. Hanya saja, ada perbedaan penggunaan antara kata “many, much dan a lot of ". Berikut ini adalan penjelasan mengenai penggunaan kata “many, much dan a lot of”.

Penggunaan kata “Many”

Kata “many” digunkan untuk menyatakan banyak pada benda yang termasuk dalam countable noun atau kata benda yang bisa dihitung. Misalnya: buku, pensil, mobil, motor, kursi, meja, dann lain-lain sebagainya.

Contoh penggunaan “many” adalah :

Many pencils      : banyak pensil
Many pens    : banyak pulpen
Many books    : banyak buku
Many cars    : banyak mobil
Many bags    : banyak tas
Many boxes    : banyak kotak
Many foxes    : banyak rubah
Many people    : banyak orang

Kata “many” menyebabkan kata benda yang mengikutinya memperoleh tambahan akhiran –s atau –es.  Kata “people” tidak memperoleh tambahan akhiran “-s atau –es” karena kata “people” sendiri sudah merupakan bentuk jamak dari “person”.

Penggunaan kata “much”

Kata “much” digunakan untuk menyatakan banyak pada benda yang tergolong dalam uncountable noun atau kata benda yang tidak bisa dihitung. Contoh uncountable noun antara lain : air, gula, kopi, beras, uang, susu, dan lain-lain.

Berikut ini adalah contoh penggunaan kata “much” dalam kalimat :

Much water    : banyak air
Much money    : banyak uang
Much sugar     : banyak gula
Much coffe    : banyak kopi
Much ink    : banyak tinta

Kata benda yang tidak bisa dihitung ( uncountable noun ) selalu diangggap sebagai kata yang berbentuk tunggal dan tidak memiliki bentuk jamak, sehingga jika kata tersebut dipakai dalam kalimat maka kata benda yang tidak bisa dihitung dianggap sebagai third person singular ( orang ketiga tunggal ).

Penggunaan kata “A Lot Of”

Kata “a lot of” digunakan untuk menyatakan jumlah “banyak” pada kata benda yang bisa dihitung maupun yang tidak bisa dihitung. Yang paling penting untuk diingat adalah bahwa kata “a lot of” digunakan pada kalimat positif. jadi, kita tidak bisa menggunakan kata “a lot of” pada kalimat negatif dan kalimat pertanyaan.

Berikut ini adalah contoh penggunaan kata “ a lot of “ :

I have a lot of money ( saya mempunyai banyak uang )
There are a lot of new books in the book store ( ada banyak buku baru di dalam toko buku itu )
I have a lot of surprise for you ( saya mempunyai banyak kejutan untukmu )
There is a lot of water in the well ( ada banyak air di sumjur itu )
He has a lot of spare time today ( dia punya banyak waktu luang hari ini )

Selain kata “many, much, dan a lot of”, ada beberapa kata yang juga bisa digunakan untuk menyatakan jumlah banyak dalam kalimat bahasa Inggris, yaitu :

A great deal of        : much
A good deal of        : much
Plenty of                  : much
A large quantity of     : much
A great number of     : many
A great many of        : many
A good many of        : many

Contoh :
A great deal of gold ( banyak emas )
A good deal of sand ( banyak pasir )
A large quantity of water ( banyak air )
Plenty of money ( banyak uang )
A good many students ( banyak pelajar )
A great number of people ( banyak orang )
A great many of children ( banyak anak )

Catatan khusus :

A lot of biasanya digunakan untuk kalimat positif, bisa juga digunakan untuk kata benda yang bisa dihitung maupun tidak bisa dihitung.

Many digunakan untuk kata benda yang bisa dihitung. Biasanya digunakan pada kalimat negatif dan kalimat tanya.

Much digunakan untuk kata benda yang tidak bisa dihitung. Biasanya digunakan pada kalimat negatif dan kalimat tanya.

Cara Membuat Kalimat Pertanyaan Bahasa Inggris dengan Interrogative Pronoun

Pada tulisan sebelumnya telah dituliskan mengenai bagaimana cara untuk membuat kalimat pertanyaan bahasa inggris yang jawabannya “yes/no”. 

Pada kesempatan ini akan dijelaskan mengenai cara membuat kalimat pertanyaan bahasa Inggris yang menggunakan kalimat pertanyaan interrogative Pronouns  WH- Questions yang jawabannya lebih banyak dan informatif. 

Setelah menguasai cara membuat kalimat pertanyaan ini, maka kita sudah bisa untuk berkomunikasi dengan orang asing yang baru kita temui, karena kalimat pertanyaan akan memudahkan kita untuk memulai komunikasi dengan orang yang baru kita temui.

Untuk membuat kalimat pertanyaan ini, maka kita menggunakan interrogative pronoun atau kata ganti tanya.
Interrogative pronoun adalah kata ganti tanya yang digunakan untuk mengajukan suatu pertanyaan, atau dengan kata lain dapat diartikan sebagai kata ganti yang digunakan untuk mengawali suatu pertanyaan, baik itu pertanyaan secara langsung maupun secara tidak langsung.

Berikut ini adalah  interrogative pronoun atau kata ganti tanya atau “WH-Questions”, fungsinya, dan contoh kalimat menggunakan “WH-Questions” yang wajib kita ketahui untuk membuat kalimat pertanyaan sederhana dalam bahasa Inggris.

1. Who ( siapa ), adalah kata ganti tanya yang digunakan untuk menanyakan orang yang nantinya berkedudukan sebagai subjek dalam kalimat. Contoh penggunaan kata tanya “who” ?
Who can speak english ? ( siapa yang bisa berbahasa Inggris ? )
Who is your girlfriend now ? ( siapa pacarmu sekarang ? )

2. Whom ( siapa ), adalah interrogative pronoun yang digunakan untuk menanyakan orang yang berkedudukan sebagai subjek dalam kalimat. Berikut ini adalah contoh penggunaan “whom” dalam kalimat :
Whom will you go to Jakarta with ? ( dengan siapa kamu akan ke Jakarta ? )

3. What (apa), adalah kata pertanyaan yang digunakan untuk menanyakan nama orang, benda, pekerjaan, atau jabatan seseorang . misalnya :
What is your name ? ( siapa namamu ? )
What is your favorite food ? ( apa makanan kesukaanmu ? )
What is her job  ? ( apa pekerjaannya ? )

4. Whose (milik siapa ), adalah interrogative pronoun yang digunakan untuk menanyakan kepemilikan terhadap sesuatu. Contoh :
Whose book is this ? ( buku siapa ini ? )
Whose car you use ? ( mobil siapa yang kamu pakai ? )
Whose house is that ? ( rumah siapa itu ? )

5. Which ( yang mana ) adalah interrogative pronoun yang digunakan untuk menyatakan pilihan terhadap sesuatu . misalnya :
Which is the most luxurious car of yours ? ( yang mana mobil yang paling mahal milikmu ? )
Which is yours ? ( yang mana milikmu ? )

6. Where ( di mana, kemana ), adalah interrogative pronoun yang digunakan untuk menanyakan tempat atau tujuan, misalnya :
Where did you go yesterday ? ( kamu kemana kemarin ? )
Where are you now ? ( dimana kamu sekarang ? )
Where does she live ? ( dimana dia tinggal ? )

7. When ( kapan ), adalah interrogative pronoun yang digunakan untuk menanyakan waktu terjadinya sesuatu. Misalnya :
When the accident happened ? ( kapan kecelakaan itu terjadi )
When can you go to my house ? ( kapan kamu bisa ke rumahku ? )

8. Why ( mengapa ), adalah kata tanya bahasa Inggris yang digunakan untuk menanyakan alasan suatu kejadian atau perbuatan terjadi atau dilakukan. Misalnya :
Why you cry ? ( mengapa kamu menangis ? )
Why you have to start a blog ? ( mengapa kamu harus mulai membuat blog ? )

9. How ( bagaimana ), digunakan untuk menanyakan keadaan sesuatu atau cara sesuatu kejadian dilakukan. Misalnya :
How are you ? ( bagaimana kabarmu ? )
How is your day ? ( bagaimana harimu ? )
How did you make it ? ( bagaimana kamu melakukan itu ? )

10. How many ( berapa banyak ), digunakan untuk menanyakan jumlah yang bisa dihitung. Oleh karena itu, kita harus menguasai countable noun dan uncountable noun. Contoh ?
How many brothers do you have ? ( berapa banyak saudara laki-laki yang kamu punya ? )
How many cars in your garage ? ( berapa banyak mobil di garasimu ? )

11.    How much ( berapa banyak ) digunakan untuk menanyakan jumlah benda yang tidak dapat dihitung ( uncountable noun ). Misalnya :
How much money do you have ? ( berapa banyak uang yang kamu punya ?)
How much sand in the beach ? ( berapa banyak pasir di pantai ? )

Demikianlah penjelasan mengenai interrogative pronoun untuk membuat kalimat pertanyaan bahasa Inggris. semoga bermanfaat.